Polyethylene is a thermoplastic polymer with variable crystalline structure. It is one of the most widely produced plastics in the world. The commercial process (the Ziegler-Natta catalysts) that made PE such a success was developed in the 1950s by German and Italian scientists Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta.  

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PE can be split into several classes with variety of applications. High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) and Linear Low-Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) are the three most common polyethylene produced in the industry. Generally, HDPE is much more crystalline, has a much higher density and is often used in completely different circumstances than LDPE and LLDPE. HDPE is important for producing bottles and hollow objects by blow moulding. Approximately 64% of all plastic bottles are made from HDPE.

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It is created by three sorts of processes which are slurry process, solution process and gas phase process. Since gas phase process has been commercialized and give benefits over slurry and solution process, as this technique provides polymer chains with few branches. Therefore, gas phase has been chosen as the main process for polymerization. In our production, we will focus on the HDPE production where it undergoes catalytic polymerization using Ziegler-Natta catalyst at low pressure and temperature.